# Common Script Utilities

## Common Script Utilities

## tail

The tail command prints the last n lines of a standard input or file. We can use the following command to print the last lines of the results of the `ls -l` command. `ls -l | tail -3` We can also combine the head and tail commands to retrieve the lines in between. Let’s pull lines of the ls -l command by:

* Retrieving the first lines with head -10, then
* Get the last lines of that result with tail -5, giving us lines We can combine these requests into the following single command: `ls -l |head -10 |tail -5`

### wc

-w: Displays only the word count and file name.

`wc -w pres_first.txt`

-c: Displays only the byte count and file name.

`wc -c pres_first.txt`

-l: Displays only the line count and file name. `wc -l pres_first.txt` -m: Displays only the character count and file name. `wc -m pres_first.txt`